Engineering Reference

Glass transition temperature (Tg)

The temperature at which an amorphous polymer changes from glassy and stiff to rubbery and compliant.

Definition

For an amorphous plastic, Tg is the real service ceiling — stiffness falls off a cliff above it. For a semi-crystalline plastic it matters much less, because the crystalline regions keep the material stiff well past Tg.

This is why nylon 6/6 has a Tg of only 50 °C yet works at 105 °C, and why the melting point is not a service limit either. The number to design against is the deflection temperature under load.

Common misuse

Using Tg as the service limit for a semi-crystalline plastic. It is the limit for amorphous ones; semi-crystalline plastics keep working well above it.

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