Materials / Related reference

Cold working

Cold working changes a metal's shape below its softening or recrystallisation range; rolling, drawing and stretching are examples. Plastic deformation can increase strength through work hardening.

State check

Distinguish the forming process from the final delivery condition. Material may be annealed after cold forming. Record the full temper or strength condition, product form and relevant specification; a grade name or “cold rolled” label alone is insufficient.

Next step

Compare properties only for the stated final condition. Use the separate work-hardening page when the question concerns deformation during a machining operation.

Carry the final condition into the material record

A process name does not supply a universal hardness, strength, temperature, dimensional allowance or cutting parameter.

Sources and scope

Reviewed 23 October 2026. Process explanations and public standard summaries do not establish a treatment recipe or certify a supplied part.

Copper Development Association Terms and Definitions

Process definition and stated condition boundaries; public standard abstracts only where applicable.

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Outokumpu stainless steel types

Process definition and stated condition boundaries; public standard abstracts only where applicable.

Open source ↗
Outokumpu post-fabrication treatment

Process definition and stated condition boundaries; public standard abstracts only where applicable.

Open source ↗