Select the governing document
The AWS D1 catalogue lists D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1. ISO 5817:2023 addresses quality levels B/C/D for its stated fusion-weld scope. A quality level is not a universal structural load approval, and these documents are not interchangeable.
Take the complete case to the relevant clause
Record material and thickness, joint type, weld symbol/dimensions, load category where applicable, quality level, inspection method and the exact imperfection being evaluated. Consult the matching clause/table in the required edition.
Leg and throat are not universal substitutes
For an ideal equal-leg 90° triangle, the geometric throat is leg / √2. Effective throat under a welding specification can depend on penetration, root and groove conditions; the simple triangle is not an acceptance calculation.
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Sources and review scope
Reviewed 23 October 2026. Arithmetic examples are labelled separately from source-table facts and standard scope.
AWS D1 structural-welding committee
Published-document catalogue includes D1.1/D1.1M:2025-AMD1. Directory does not verify any numeric acceptance threshold.
Open the original source ↗ISO 5817:2023
Public scope: fusion welds in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys, excluding beam welding; quality levels B/C/D. Full defect tables not reproduced.
Open the original source ↗