Engineering Reference

Nominal size

The designation a product is sold by, which is not necessarily any dimension it has.

Definition

Nominal size is a naming convention, and the gap between it and reality varies by product family. A 2×4 is 1.5 × 3.5 in; a 1/2 in pipe has a 0.84 in outside diameter; a 1/8 BSP thread is 0.383 in across. None of these are errors — the nominal figure identifies the product line, and the actual dimensions are tabulated separately.

The rule that follows: never estimate an actual dimension from a nominal designation. Look it up.

Common misuse

Treating nominal size as a measurement — the single most common source of dimensional error in fabrication, particularly with pipe, lumber and BSP threads.

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