Modulus measures stiffness; strength measures the load at which a material fails.
The two are independent and are governed by different things. Modulus comes from atomic bonding and is essentially fixed for a material family — every steel is about 205 GPa. Strength comes from microstructure and is highly variable — steels range from 215 MPa to over 1,700 MPa yield.
The design consequence is direct: a deflection-limited part gains nothing from a stronger steel, and a yield-limited part gains nothing from a stiffer one. Deciding which limit governs is the first step in materials selection.
Switching to a higher-strength steel to fix a stiffness problem. The modulus is unchanged, so the deflection is unchanged.
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